I have throught a full face helmet might help considerably fending off a cougar. Certainly since the lady near Seattle was bit on the jaw, it might have helped there. My Fox Rampage helmet goes low enough, it might help discourage bites from the rear to the neck. No cougars here yet, but there are dogs that big and some are vicious. A bear was seen in the next county. I do not ride in a peloton as this lady was fortunate to be with. I do carry pepper spray wired to the handlebar. If not taken down with the first bite the 8 lb 6' sling and lock in the pannier makes a formidable club. I have not hit a dog with it yet, but I have swung it at two over 60 lb that would not back off. Many dogs think they own the road, especially near their owner's garbage cans.