I love my Maguro MT5 with 203mm Storm rotors.
2wheels cannot have brake rotors larger than 160 mm as the Vado SL brakes are Flat Mount. Yours are Post Mount.
Indeed. These are as scary as it is very easy to experience an Over-The-Bars with them

(Ask me how I know).
Using a friends Shimano brakes (I forget what type) on his mountain bike was a far better experience; one finger operation, great modulation and huge bite when required.
Buy an e-MTB then

Let me explain. Lightweight bikes have holes for Flat Mount brakes in the frame while heavy or MTB ones have bosses for Post Mount brakes. Flat Mount brakes are shorter and smaller (and more lightweight) than the Post Mount variety, and are not interchangeable. As I said above, the maximum Flat Mount brake rotor diameter is 160 mm. (Or, at least Vado SL won't take anything larger).
However, you can improve the performance of your already excellent HD510s (because they are excellent as for the Flat Mount type). Replace the brake rotors with another make/model.
You can, for instance, try installing Shimano "Disc Brake Rotor Ice Technologies Freeza" RT-CL800 for the front wheel. It has to be the 160 mm size. If you own a cassette wrench, replacing the rotors takes a few minutes. (I have replaced my front rotor with a Shimano RT-64, Centerlock, 160 mm as I didn't need anything more advanced).
I recommend starting with the front wheel as it takes around 70% of the stopping power, and the outcome is both noticeable and positive. However, I didn't replace the rear brake rotor and cannot remember why. The rear rotor is held in place by "Rotor Tektro SP-SS20 Centerlock Rotor w/Sensor Black". Technically speaking, it is possible to unscrew the existing Centerlock lock/magnet, replace the rear rotor, and tighten the new rotor with the existing SP-SS20. Why didn't I replace the rear rotor then? No idea!
Another thing you could do is replacing the organic brake pads with semi-metallic ones. No idea what replacement make/model would fit: consult a bike mechanic or a good bicycle store.
Again: as for the type, the Flat Mount brakes, Tektros are among the best ones.